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 第二講 【懺悔罪業品】
 
 Lecture 2 Chapter Two Disclosure of Evil
 
 日期:二零零三年一月四日
上次講座,寂天菩薩讓我們清楚知道菩提心的功德和利益,現在我們都很有信心受持菩提心。但是珍貴的菩提心就如世間的國王;在心間生起菩提心,就好像招呼國王到家中作貴賓一樣;我們先要把家中廳堂打掃乾淨;同樣,發菩提心最好先懺罪積資。寂天菩薩把懺罪積資具體地分成八種方式;分別是供養、頂禮、皈依、懺悔、隨喜讚歎、請轉法輪、請佛住世和迴向八種。

寂天菩薩指出,供養三寶是為了修持菩提心,首先我們要知道供養有兩種精神,佛菩薩顯然不須要我們供養,供養是為了消除我們的慳吝心;佛菩薩沒有分別心,只是我們有分別心。其次,供養時不要有競勝心,佛的蔭庇無價,首富千億不算多,貧女一分錢也不嫌少。為了具體說明這兩點精神,寂天菩薩教我們先供養無主物;所謂無主物是指那些不屬個人財產的東西。世間所有美好的東西都可用來供養,如壯麗山河、靜謐樹林、悅意淨水,這些美景都可以透過我們真誠的心和清晰的觀想力,供給佛菩薩。此外,為了揚棄我執和慳吝心,最徹底便是「願以吾身與吾心,恆獻諸佛與佛子!祈諸勝士哀納受!我願恭敬為尊僕!」把整個人都獻給佛,作為佛的奴僕。跟著,寂天菩薩教我們以心力向佛獻十二種供品,分別是妙香浴堂、浴具、天衣、飾物、塗香、花鬘、薰香、肴饌、明燈、無量宮和傘蓋,最後恆時降下如雨的法寶、舍利、鮮花等吉祥物。而以心力向佛獻供的另一種方式,是效法文殊等大菩薩,以廣大菩薩行來供養佛:「猶如妙吉祥,昔日供大覺,吾亦如是供,如來諸佛子。」獻供消除我們的貪婪(greed);跟著是以頂禮來消除我們的傲慢(pride);皈依確定我們修行的目標方向,對治迷惘;然後以懺悔來對治我們的障染。為了使懺悔功德圓滿,完全清淨我們的障染,寂天菩薩提出四力懺悔(Four opponent powers);以治病為例,首先確定並承認自己有病,這叫悔過力;然後找一位名醫、專科醫生,例如三寶,這叫依止力;再靠藥物針劑,這叫對治力;疾病痊癒了,就要注意健康起居,飲食習慣,這叫止惡力。寂天菩薩還有幾點提醒我們的,首先要盡速懺悔,知道壽命無常,「死神不等待,罪淨病未病,來時如雷電,壽暫不足信。」罪業清淨了,面對死亡也不會恐懼。第二是不值得為此生再造罪業;「死時捨一切」,若此生你不論為親或仇再造罪業,那麼「故為無常身,親造諸多罪」;「為彼所造罪,歷歷在目前。」到頭來,你只能自己一人承受苦報。而最重要的是「人生如夢幻,無論何事物,受已成念境,往事不復見。」為不真實的東西,例如情緒而造作罪業,值得嗎?第三,寂天菩薩特別提到死亡時的恐懼和無助,「命絕諸苦痛,唯吾一人受」,「何況形恐怖,魔使所執持,大怖憂苦纏,苦極不待言。」最後,寂天菩薩提出以諸佛作懺罪依止,「合掌怙主前,以畏罪苦心,再三禮諸佛,懺除一切罪。」並且向佛保證:「諸佛祈寬恕,往昔所造罪;此既非善行,爾後誓不為。」

(一)
為能持彼珍寶心,我今善供諸如來,
無諸垢染妙法寶,及諸佛子功德海。
為了獲得珍貴的菩提心教法,我謹向諸佛、清淨無垢的殊勝正法、所有登地菩薩眾,這些廣大功德海;我獻上圓滿之妙供。
In order to seize that precious mind I offer now to the Tathāgatas, to the sacred Dharma, the stainless jewel, and to the Sons of Buddha, the oceans of excellence.

(二)
世間所有諸妙花,乃至妙果及湯藥,
所有珍寶澄清水,悉皆奉供而適意。
我願獻上一切鮮花和妙果,種種上好療疾之靈藥,世上一切珍奇之寶物和飲下即令人心曠神怡的淨水。
Whatever flowers and fruits there are and whatever kinds of medicine, whatever jewels exist in this world and whatever clean refreshing waters.

(三)
山中之寶1及眾寶,適悅樹林寂靜處,
蔓花莊嚴樹光明,結果低垂枝榱橠。
(我內心觀想顯現)滿溢珍寶的妙高山,遠離塵囂靜謐舒適的叢林;天界眾樹花鬘繞,枝葉茂盛果纍纍。
Likewise gem-encrusted mountains, forest groves, quiet and joyful places, heavenly trees bedecked with flowers and trees with fruit-laden branches.

(四)
人間天上香塗香,乃至滿願珍寶樹2
蓮花點點湖泊清,天鵝吟鳴極悅耳3
人天二界芬芳香氣;燃香、滿願樹及眾寶樹;蓮花莊嚴池塘及湖泊,天鵝鳴聲甜美,非常悅耳。
Fragrances of the celestial realms, incense, wishing trees and jewel trees, uncultivated harvests, and all ornaments that are worthy to be offered. Lakes and pools adorned with lotuses and the beautiful cry of wild geese, everything unowned within the limitless spheres of space.

(五)
穀自然生非所種,別別莊嚴而供養;
等虛空界量廣大,一切無主所持物。
以及每一樣珍貴物品都值得供獻;大自然一切事物自由自在盎盎生意,展延及至無邊無界虛空中;不用耕種自然收成的自然稻。
All crops that grow without the tiller’s care. And every sumptuous object worthy to be offered, and all things wild and free, stretching to the boundless limits of the sky;

(六)
以意緣取敬奉獻,人中尊及諸佛子,
祈請大悲勝福田,愍念吾心納吾供!
意念觀想這一切成為無上成就諸佛佛子之禮物。大悲怙主啊!請以慈愛憫念我;請接受我的供養。
Creating these things in my mind I offer them to the supreme beings, the Buddhas, as well as their Sons. O Compassionate Ones, think kindly of me and accept these offerings of mine.

(七)
我無福德極貧窮,絲毫無餘可供財,
祈求利他慈怙主,為吾利故受此供!
因為我兩手空空,缺乏福德,也沒有其他資財;請以你偉大的力量利益攝受我。
Having no merit I am destitute and I have no other gifts to offer. O Protectors, you who think of helping others. By your power accept these for my sake.

(八)
願以吾身與吾心,恆獻諸佛與佛子!
祈諸勝士哀納受!我願恭敬為尊僕!
諸佛和他們的菩薩佛子們–願我生生世世把自己奉獻給你們。請至尊的大勇者完全攝受我,我將完全奉獻自己為你的侍從。
Eternally shall I offer all my bodies to the Conquerors and their Sons. Please accept me, you Supreme Heroes. Respectfully shall I be your subject.

(九)
既已全為尊攝受,化利有情無懼畏,
過去罪業悉遠離,未來眾罪不復作!
倘若你攝受我的話,我將無畏懼地利益一切眾生。我將遠離過去的惡業4,從今開始永不再作惡。
Through being completely under your care I shall benefit all wish no fears of conditioned existence; I shall perfectly transcend my previous evils and in the future shall commit no more.

(十)
寶光明柱甚適悅,珠蓋莊嚴頻閃爍,
水晶清淨復光明,種種妙堂香浴作。
一間洋溢著香味的清淨浴室,地面鋪滿了水晶,四枝支柱鑲滿寶石,天空上掛著珍寶珠簾,發光的寶石耀眼光華。
To very sweetly scented bathing chambers with brilliantly sparkling crystal floors and exquisite pillars ablaze with gems, having canopies above aglow with pearls.

(十一)
陳設諸多大寶瓶,盛滿悅意妙香水,
我當讚詠獻歌樂,洗浴如來無垢身!
我準備了諸多青金,寶瓶盛滿觸體生悅的香味淨水,沐浴諸聖眾,內中盛載清香甜美淨水,滿個浴室不停奏出悅意的樂曲。
I beseech the Tathāgatas and their Sons to come and bathe their bodies from many jeweled vase filled with waters scented and enticing, to the accompaniment of music and song.

(十二)
妙香所薰極清淨,無比浴巾拭其身,
拭已於彼復獻上,香極最勝上妙衣。
我以極上質料之布幔,及以無比芳香毛巾擦乾之,獻上這些悉心漂染色彩極精緻之布幔。
Let me dry their bodies with incomparable cloths clean and well-anointed with scent, and then may I present these Holy Beings with fragrant garments of suitable colors.

(十三)
亦以柔軟妙天衣,百種最勝莊嚴物,
供養普賢阿逸多5,文殊聖眾觀世音。
多種配上百款美麗裝飾的輕盈衣服,我將獻給聖者普賢、彌勒、文殊、觀音菩薩及眷屬。
I adorn with manifold ornaments and various raiments fine and smooth, the Āryas Samantabhadra, Manjughosa Avalokiteshvara and all the others.

(十四)
香氣遍滿三千界,以此妙香塗敷彼;
猶如拭淨純鍊金6,閃閃發光諸佛身。
我以芳香遍滿三千大千世界的香薰,敷抹在猶如耀目純金般閃爍光芒的諸佛身上。
Just like polishing pure, refined gold do I anoint the Buddhas’ forms that blaze with light with the choicest perfumes whose fragrance permeates a thousand million worlds.

(十五)
於諸牟尼勝供處,以諸悅意香蓮花、
曼陀羅花7青蓮等,及妙花鬘為供養。
我以最殊勝的曼陀羅花、青蓮花等,並供上各種美妙花鬘,以此禮敬一切最殊勝聖眾。
And to the highest objects of giving I offer beautiful, well-arranged garlands, as well as enchanting, sweet smelling flowers, such as lily, jasmine and lotus blooms.

(十六)
於彼亦獻最勝香,香氣瀰溢結香雲;
於彼亦獻諸神饈,併同種種妙飲食。
我更以最好的香,香氣瀰溢,結成香雲。我復獻上種種色香味俱佳的飲食和神饈。
Also I send forth clouds of incense whose sweet aroma steals away the mind, as well as celestial delicacies including a variety of foods and drinks.

(十七)
亦將獻上金蓮花,齊整羅列珍寶燈;
於彼香敷地面上,點點散佈悅意花。
我獻上珍寶燈,並整齊排列於金蓮花上;我把可愛悅意芳香花瓣遍灑於地上。
I offer them jeweled lamps arranged on golden lotus buds; upon land sprinkled with scented water do I scatter delicate flower petals.

(十八)
廣大宮殿揚讚歌,四門寶光珠簾捲;
彼等無量空中飾,亦獻性具大悲主。
無限廣大的宮殿中洋溢著悅耳歌樂,懸垂著的珍珠簾閃耀著亮麗的光澤,這些無數的空中妙飾,也要獻給具足大悲的怙主。
To those who have the nature of compassion I offer palaces resounding with melodious hymns, exquisitely illuminated by hanging pearls and gems that adorn the infinities of space.

(十九)
金柄撐展珍寶傘,周邊綴以悅意飾;
形妙華麗極莊嚴,羅列張展獻諸佛。
金柄撐起珍貴的寶傘,邊緣點綴著令人喜悅的飾物,外觀極為莊嚴,形態殊妙,我也要經常撐起這種寶傘供養諸佛。
Eternally shall I offer to all the Buddhas jeweled umbrellas with golden handles and exquisite ornaments embellishing the rims, standing erect, their shapes beautiful to behold.

(二十)
別此亦獻供,悅耳美歌樂;
願息有情苦,樂雲常住留!
此外,我也要奏響最美妙的音樂,來供養諸佛,願悅耳的音樂交響成樂雲,紓緩眾生的一切痛苦,長久地在諸佛聖眾前留駐。
And in addition may a mass of offerings resounding with sweet and pleasing music, like clouds that appease the misery of all, each remain for as long as necessary.

(二十一)
願珍寶花等8,如雨續降淋;
一切妙法寶9,靈塔佛身前。
願珍寶、花鬘等供物如雨無間斷地降下,落到無上正法法寶靈塔和佛像上面。
And may a continuous rain of flowers and precious gems descend upon the reliquaries and the statues, and upon all the jewels of Dharma.

(二十二)
猶如妙吉祥10,昔日供大覺11
吾亦如是供,如來諸佛子。
猶如文殊、普賢等已得自在的菩薩,往昔以遍滿虛空之妙供呈獻諸佛,我亦如是隨喜供養如來、怙主及諸佛子。
In the same way as Manjughosa and others have made offerings to the Conquerors, similarly do I bestow gifts upon the Tathāgatas, the Protectors, their Sons and all.

(二十三)
我以海潮音,讚佛功德海,
願妙讚歌雲,飄臨彼等前。
我以如海潮樂聲之詩詞,讚歎諸佛功德海。願此雲海和諧讚美佛曲,如是降臨聖眾前。
I glorify the Oceans of Excellence with limitless verses of harmonious praise; may these clouds of gentle eulogy constantly ascend to their presence.

(二十四)
化身微塵數,匍伏我頂禮。
三世一切佛,正法最勝僧。
我幻化出微塵數的身體,五體投地,頂禮三世一切佛、正法和最殊勝的僧寶。
With bodies as numerous as all the atoms within the universe, I prostrate to all Buddhas of the three times, the Dharma and the supreme community.

(二十五)
敬禮佛靈塔12,菩提心根本,
亦禮戒勝者13,堪布阿闍黎。
頂禮佛陀的靈塔、佛蹟聖地,頂禮具殊勝淨戒者,所有法師與及阿闍黎。
Likewise I prostrate to all reliquaries, to the praiseworthy adepts, to all learned abbots and masters and to all the noble practitioners.

(二十六)
乃至菩提藏14,皈依諸佛陀,
亦依正法寶,菩薩諸聖眾。
直至證得無上正覺之前,我生生世世皈依諸佛,皈依正法,皈依菩薩諸聖眾。
I seek refuge in all Buddhas until I possess the essence of Awakening, likewise I seek refuge in Dharma and in the assembly of Bodhisattvas.

(二十七)
我於十方佛,及具菩提心,
大悲諸聖眾,合掌如是白:
我向十方諸佛,以及具有菩提心的大悲菩薩聖眾,恭敬合掌,如是啟白:
With folded hands I beseech the Buddhas and Bodhisattvas who possess the great compassion and reside in all directions.

(二十八)
無始輪迴起,此世或他生,
無知犯諸罪,或勸他作惡;
從無始輪迴以來,我這無知的罪人,無論是自作或教他人所作的一切罪惡;
Throughout beginningless cyclic existence in this life and in others, unknowingly I committed evil deeds and ordered them to be done (by others).

(二十九)
或因癡所牽,隨喜彼所為,
見此罪過已,對佛誠懺悔。
以及任何因愚癡而隨喜的惡業,因而傷害了自己–對此等過犯我懺罪,希望以此悔過獲赦宥。
Overwhelmed by the deceptions of ignorance I rejoiced in what was done, but now seeing these mistakes from my heart I declare them to the Buddhas.

(三十)
惑催身語意,於親及三寶,
師長或餘人,造作諸傷害。
因身、語、意三門不敬三寶、父母或善知識,曾經造作之過犯,
Whatever harmful acts of body, speech and mind I have done in a disturbed mental state, towards the three jewels of refuge, my parents, my spiritual masters and others.

(三十一)
因昔犯眾過,今成有罪人,
一切難恕罪,佛前悉懺悔。
及一切所造過的過犯而導致的污染,罪人我今向怙主發露懺悔一切過錯。
And all the grave wrongs done by me, so thoroughly evil and polluted but an abundance of faults, I openly declare to the Guides of the World.

(三十二)
罪業未淨前,吾身或先亡;
云何脫此罪,故祈速救護!
我又何以逃脫這些罪過呢?祈請迅速救護我!願我罪業未淨前,死亡不要先降臨現前。
But I may well perish before all my evils have been purified; so please protect me in such a way as will swiftly and surely free me from them.

(三十三)
死神不等待,罪淨病未病,
來時如雷電,壽暫不足信。
死神是不能信任的,他不管你罪業是否已經清淨,也不論你健康抑或有病,他就如同一個突如其來的雷電15,隨時都會降臨。人壽多麼短暫,一點也不可依恃。
The untrustworthy Lord of Death waits not for things to be done or undone; whether I am sick or healthy. This fleeting lifespan is unstable.

(三十四)
因吾不了知:「死時捨一切。」
故為親與仇,造種種罪業。
為了眷屬和仇敵,我曾造作種種罪業,對此也不了知:「到我死亡時,我將離開他們所有人。」
Leaving all I must depart alone. But through not having understood this I committed various kinds of evil for the sake of my friends and foes.

(三十五)
仇敵化虛無,諸親亦湮滅,
吾身必死亡,一切終歸無。
無論是眷屬或仇敵,無人能留下來,我也必死無疑,一切終歸於空無。
My foes will become nothing. My friends will become nothing. I too will become nothing. Likewise all will become nothing.

(三十六)
人生如夢幻,無論何事物,
受已成念境,往事不復見。
一切曾經驗過的,只會變成記憶,就如夢境一樣;一切都會變成過去,永遠不能再復見。
Just like a dream experience, whatever things I enjoy will become a memory. Whatever has passed will not be seen again.

(三十七)
復次於此生,親仇半已逝;
為彼所造罪,歷歷在目前。
就算是在此生,我已目睹很多朋友和仇敵去世,可是我為了他們而造的惡業,現今仍歷歷印在自己腦海中。
Even within this brief life, many friends and foes have passed. But whatever unbearable evil I committed for them remains ahead of me.

(三十八)
因吾不甚解:命終如是驟,
故起貪瞋癡,造作諸罪業。
我不知道自己的生命原來是這樣的短暫,所以才因貪瞋癡而處處犯惡業。
Thereby, through not having realized that I shall suddenly vanish, I committed so much evil out of ignorance, lust and bate.

(三十九)
晝夜不暫留,此生恆衰減,
額外無復增,吾命豈不亡?
生命於晝夜間無有止息地消逝,沒有東西能令它增添。我可以不死去嗎?
Remaining neither day nor night, life is always slipping by and never getting any longer. Why will death not come to one like me?

(四十)
臨終彌留際,眾親雖圍繞,
命絕諸苦痛,唯吾一人受。
雖然躺在床上,親人在床邊照料自己,但命終氣絕時,四大分解之痛苦,唯有自己一人默默承受。
While I am lying in bed, although surrounded by my friends and relatives, the feeling of life being severed will be experienced by myself alone.

(四十一)
魔使來執時,親朋有何益?
唯福能救護,然我未曾修。
臨終受死魔的牽纏,親友於我有何用?此時就只有福德才能保護我,可是我生前卻從未積集。
When seized by the messengers of death, what benefit will friends and relatives afford? My merit alone shall protect me then, but upon that I have never relied.

(四十二)
(怙主!) 放逸吾未知;死亡如是怖;
故為無常身,親造諸多罪。
怙主啊!我是如此的懶散,也未曾知曉死亡是這樣的險峻,故此才於此無常之身,生起貪執,造作種種惡業。
O protectors! I, so unconcerned, unaware of such terror as this, accumulated a great deal of evil for the sake of this transient life.

(四十三)
若今赴刑場,罪犯猶驚怖,
口乾眼凸出,形貌異故昔。
假如現在被押赴刑場去,罪犯驚恐萬分,因害怕而口乾舌燥,雙眼凸出,形貌大大異於平時16
Petrified is the person today being led to a torture chamber. With dry mouth and dreadful sunken eyes, his entire appearance is transfigured.

(四十四)
何況形恐怖,魔使所執持,
大怖憂苦纏,苦極不待言。
更何況受魔使可怕和摧毀的目光凝視,內心遭受害怕死亡之憂苦的折磨,那種極端的痛苦就更難以言說了。
What need to mention the tremendous despair when stricken with the disease of great panic, being clasped by the physical forms, of the frightful messengers of death?

(四十五)
誰能善護我,離此大怖畏?
睜大凸怖眼,四方尋救護。
以睜大凸出而充滿恐懼的眼睛,我向四方尋救護。哪位善士能保護我,救我離開這大怖畏?
“Who can afford me real protection from this great horror?” With terrified, bulging eyes agape I shall search the four quarters for refuge.

(四十六)
四方遍尋覓,無依心懊喪,
彼處若無依,惶惶何所從?
四方尋求無護處,我心再度墮進迷惑恐怖。於此大怖畏境中,我應如何是好呢?
But seeing no refuge there I shall become enveloped in gloom. If there should be no protection there, then what shall I be able to do?

(四十七)
佛為眾怙主,慈悲勤護生,
力能除眾懼,故我今皈依。
佛是一切眾生的保護者,心懷慈悲,努力救護一切眾生,佛的大威德力能消除眾生所有的恐懼,所以從現在開始,我要皈依佛陀。
Therefore I now seek refuge in the Buddhas who protect the world, who strive to shelter all that lives and with great strength eradicate all fear.

(四十八)
如是亦皈依,能除輪迴怖,
我佛所悟法,及菩薩聖眾。
同樣,我也要皈依釋尊所親證能解除輪迴怖畏的無上妙法,以及所有菩薩聖眾。
Likewise I purely seek refuge in the Dharma they have realized that clears away the fears of cyclic existence, and also in the assembly of Bodhisattvas.

(四十九)
因怖驚顫慄,將身奉普賢,
亦復以此身,敬獻文殊尊。
死亡的恐怖使我驚惶和顫憟,為了擺脫這種怖畏,我要將自身奉獻給普賢菩薩,也要將此身體供獻給文殊師利菩薩。
I, trembling with fear, offer myself to Samantabhadra; to Manjughosa also I make a gift of my body.

(五十)
哀號力呼求:不昧大悲行,
慈尊觀世音,救贖罪人我!
我要哀戚地大力呼求觀世音菩薩,大悲功德滿溢的怙主,願他保護我這個大罪人。
To the Protector Ārya Avalokiteshvara who infallibly acts with compassion, I utter a mournful cry, “Please protect this evil-doer!”

(五十一)
復於虛空藏,及地藏王等;
一切大悲尊,由衷祈救護!
為覓得救護,我誠心誠意祈請聖虛空藏、地藏菩薩,及一切大悲的聖者。
In my search for refuge I cry from my heart for Ākāśagarbha, Ksitigarbha and all the Compassionate Protectors.

(五十二)
皈依金剛手,懷瞋閻魔使,
見彼心畏懼,四方速逃逸。
我向金剛手敬頂禮,我亦要皈依金剛手菩薩,那個心懷瞋恨的閻魔使者17見到了非常害怕,嚇得向四方逃跑。
And I seek refuge in Vajrapāni, upon the sight of whom all harmful beings such as the messengers of death flee in terror to the four quarters.

(五十三)
昔違尊聖教,今生大憂懼。
願以皈命尊,求速除怖畏!
過去曾忽視你的教言,如今面對怖畏之境,我向你皈依;請迅速解除我的恐懼吧!
Previously I transgressed your advice, but now upon seeing this great fear I go to you for refuge. By doing so may this fear be swiftly cleared away.

(五十四)
若懼尋常疾,尚須遵醫囑,
何況貪等患,宿疾恆纏身。
就算是因普通的疾病感到驚怕,尚且也要遵照醫生的指示,更何況是長久地罹患百種煩惱病的人,應該依教奉行,就更不消多說了。
If I need to comply with a doctor’s advice when frightened by a common illness, then how much more so when perpetually diseased by the manifold evils of desire and so forth?

(五十五)
一瞋若能毀,瞻部一切人,
療惑諸藥方,若遍尋不得。
一種煩惱已經足以毀滅南瞻部洲所有人,而且任何地方也找不到療藥。18
And if all people dwelling on this earth can be overcome by just one of these, and if no other medicine to cure them is to be found elsewhere in the universe.

(五十六)
醫王一切智,拔苦諸聖教,
知已若不行,極癡應訶責!
遍知醫王能醫一切苦,如我不依其教示而行,我乃極度愚癡的人,況且亦應心生慚愧。
Then the intention not to act in accordance with the advice of the All-Knowing Physicians that can uproot every misery, is extremely bewildered and worthy of scorn.

(五十七)
若遇尋常險,猶須慎防護,
況墮千由旬,長劫險難處。
站在小小崖邊經已要極專注,身處千由旬高懸崖19須多少倍的防護呢?
If I need to be careful near a small, ordinary precipice, then how much more so near the one of long duration that drops for a thousand miles.

(五十八)
或思今不死,安逸此非理,
吾生終歸盡,死期必降臨。
心想:「死亡今天不會降臨我身上」,因而處於放逸的狀態;這是不恰當的做法。生命終有一天消逝,這是難以避免的。
It is inappropriate to enjoy myself thinking that today alone I shall not die, for inevitable the time will come when I shall become nothing.

(五十九)
誰賜我無懼?云何定脫苦?
倘若必死亡,為何今安逸?
誰能賜我無畏無懼怕?我能怎樣逃避它?我定必會死亡,為何心仍然放逸?
Who can grant me fearlessness? How can I be surely freed from this? If I shall inevitably become nothing, how can I relax and enjoy myself?

(六十)
除憶昔經歷,今吾復何餘?
然因執著彼,屢違上師教。
一切消逝的經歷,今於我有何價值?然而我仍存貪執,且更忽視上師之勸誡。
What remains with me now from the terminated experiences of the past? But through my great attachment to them I have been going against my spiritual master’s advice.

(六十一)
此生若須捨,親友亦如是,
獨行無定所,何須結親仇?
對於親眷友人、世俗生活我已捨,獨自一人上路,漂泊無固定的居所,分別友人或敵人有何用?
Having departed from this life and from all my friends and relatives, if all alone I must go elsewhere what is the use of making friends and enemies?

(六十二)
不善生諸苦,云何得脫除?
故吾當一心,日夜思除苦。
從往昔的不善業引出現今的痛苦,如是晝夜唯此想:「如何才能從其中解脫出來呢?」
How can I be surely freed from unwholesomeness, the source of misery? Continually night and day should I only consider this.

(六十三)
吾因無明癡,犯諸自性罪20
或佛所制罪,如是眾過罪。
因為我愚癡,造作種種自性罪,或佛陀所制的戒罪,以及其他種種的罪業過患。
Whatever has been done by me through ignorance and unknowing, be it the breaking of a vow or a deed by nature wrong.

(六十四)
合掌怙主前,以畏罪苦心,
再三禮諸佛,懺除一切罪。
現在我以畏懼受苦報的心情,站於諸怙主前,恭敬合掌復頂禮,懺除從前一切所犯的罪過!
I humbly confess it all in the presence of the Protectors, with folded hands, prostrating myself again and again, my mind terrified by the misery (to come).

(六十五)
諸佛祈寬恕,往昔所造罪;
此既非善行,爾後誓不為!
祈請指引眾生的諸佛,寬恕我從前所造一切罪業;既然這些都不是善行,從今以後,我一定不再造作。
I beseech all the Guides of the World to please accept my evils and wrongs. Since these are not good, in future I shall do them no more.


第二品完
第二講完
註釋
1 這處指須彌山(Mount Sumeru)。須彌山四周由四種珍寶構成,分別是青金石、白水晶、紅寶石和黃金。
2 珍寶樹:指南瞻部洲所生長的如意樹,由三十三天人福業所成,能滿足有情一切願望。
3 梵本與藏本次序有別,今依梵本。
4 梵文pāpa,在漢譯中有多種意義:例如惡、不善、罪、罪惡、罪業、重罪、苦、災厄、惡趣、惡業、不善業、諸惡行處、諸過失處。
5 梵本有阿逸多(Ajita,漢譯無能勝),指的是彌勒菩薩(Maitreya)。
6 古印度以十六鍊最純淨黃金造佛像聖顏,並以紅花香水沉香塗敷聖像。
7 曼陀羅花是生長在天界的花。
8 等是指白檀油、香粉和衣服。
9 指十二分教,分別是契經、應頌、記別、諷頌、自說、因緣、譬喻、本事、本生、方廣、希法和論議。
10 指世間怙主,十地中主要的菩薩,例如文殊、普賢、彌勒。
11 如來十號之一,梵文Jina,譯為大覺或勝者。
12 這裏是指有舍利或沒有舍利的塔(caitya),和世尊出生、成道、說法和涅槃四處所依聖地。
13 戒勝者(praiseworthy adepts):是指顯現在家形象而修證成就的瑜伽士,他們淨除了一切煩惱垢染,得到勝義之解脫戒體,身份雖是居士,但實際上已證得無上境界,菩薩也應該頂禮他們。
14「乃至菩提藏」是指守護皈依戒的戒條;即是說當佛子一旦皈依,便不違犯其戒條。
15 藏本作「這善變的死神是不會管你罪業是否清淨,隨時都會降臨,無論是否生病或健康的人,都不能依恃這期短暫的生命。」
Tibetan,“This capricious Lord of Death does not wait for things done and left undone. No one, neither the ill nor the healthy, can depend on this transient life.”
16 梵文本作:「你將對世界有截然不同的看法(one sees the world differently)。」
17 這裏包括了羅剎和藥叉。
18 註釋引了一個本生故事。當世尊轉生為蓮花國王時,南瞻部洲發生了一場嚴重的瘟疫,死了許多人。國民都期望大悲國王能為他們解除病苦,向蓮花國王稟明後,菩薩便發大悲心去問醫生有何方法消除瘟疫。醫生說除了如河達魚的肉可醫治外,別無他法。於是菩薩以大悲心祝願死後立刻轉生成如河達魚,迅即從皇宮跳下,實現了他的菩提心,為國民擺脫疾病恢復了健康。
19 千由旬的懸崖比喻為無間地獄(Avici Hell)。
20 自性罪(prakrtyavadya):包括了十不善業,例如殺、盜、淫、妄等,任何人犯了都成罪咎。佛所制的戒罪(prajñapty-avadya):是受佛戒後,違背戒律而造下的罪業,例如比丘犯過午不吃飯的佛戒。


應用討論問題
一)試述懺悔罪業品的主要內容。
二)怎樣才是好好地供養三寶?
三)為什麼發菩提心前要觀修獻供?觀修獻供有何作用?
四)以意緣或意幻供養的功德會跟實物供有差別嗎?以意供養有條件限制嗎?
五)以身供獻三寶,你覺得有何意義?
六)藏傳佛教各派都引用寂天論師沐浴偈,作為迎請聖尊、供養沐浴的啟請。試依本章所載,詳述沐浴供養的觀想過程。
七)本文意幻供養諸佛菩薩有十二種,試分別列舉。
八)簡解「四力懺悔」的意義和內容。
九)何謂自性罪?何謂佛制罪?佛制罪在佛陀未制戒之前不是罪,在佛制規定後才變成罪業,那麼佛豈不是罪業的促成者?薩迦班智達對此舉了一個例:例如農民種田,受冰雹損毀,我們不能說:「如果農民沒有存種莊稼,就不會有莊稼被毀,所以過錯是農民造成。」同樣,佛制定戒律,是讓眾生持守淨戒,從而得生善趣及解脫,而眾生沒有認真持守戒律,過錯是造罪的眾生,而不是佛。例如出家人犯過午不吃飯,原因是沒有好好修行,犯了佛制罪。而未入佛門者作過午後吃飯等行為,既非佛制罪,亦非自性罪。
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